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Written vernacular Chinese, also known as baihua, comprises forms of written Chinese based on the vernacular varieties of the language spoken throughout China. It is contrasted with Literary Chinese , which was the predominant written form of the language in imperial China until the early 20th century.
Hu Shih was part of the Chinese language reform movement and used the vernacular style in writing articles. The opposite style of writing is Classical Chinese, and one of the key leaders of this language was Zhang Shizhao. Hu Shih and Zhang Shizhao had only a ten-year age difference, but the men seemed to be of differing generations. [65]
Vernacular is a term for a type of speech variety, generally used to refer to a local language or dialect, as distinct from what is seen as a standard language. The vernacular is contrasted with higher-prestige forms of language, such as national , literary , liturgical or scientific idiom, or a lingua franca , used to facilitate communication ...
The movement promoted: Vernacular literature (Hu Shih's saying "Speak in the language of the time in which you live") [9] [10] An end to the patriarchal family in favor of individual freedom and women's liberation; The view that China is a nation among nations, not a uniquely Confucian culture
In the course of the New Culture Movement during the 1910s and 1920s decades, the vernacular language largely displaced the classical in all areas of literature and writing. Literary reformers Hu Shih (1891–1962) and Chen Duxiu (1880–1942) declared the classical language "dead" and promoted the vibrant vernacular in its stead. [36]
That's because the word vernacular refers to informal language, like so-called "street speak," and academics wanted a broader term that encompasses informal and formal uses of language.
In China, the New Culture Movement of the 1910s–20s promoted vernacular literature. In the Philippines, the term means any written literature in a language other than Filipino (or Tagalog) or English. At present, it forms the second largest corpus of literature, following the literature in Tagalog.
The Guardian credits rap culture and Black vernacular language as early pioneers of the word, with A Tribe Called Quest releasing "Vibes and Stuff" in 1991 and Quincy Jones notably launching Vibe ...