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Systematics and the Origin of Species from the Viewpoint of a Zoologist was created after Ernst Mayr's Jesup lectures in New York City. [8] Mayr's Jesup lectures were held alongside the botanist Edgar Anderson, who discussed evolutionary theory from the perspective of those with a background in botany. [8]
Ernst Walter Mayr (/ ˈ m aɪər / MYRE, German: [ɛʁnst ˈmaɪɐ]; 5 July 1904 – 3 February 2005) [1] [2] was a German-American evolutionary biologist. He was also a renowned taxonomist , tropical explorer, ornithologist , philosopher of biology , and historian of science . [ 3 ]
Darwin's theory of evolution is based on key facts and the inferences drawn from them, which biologist Ernst Mayr summarised as follows: [6] Every species is fertile enough that if all offspring survived to reproduce, the population would grow (fact). Despite periodic fluctuations, populations remain roughly the same size (fact).
This model was popularized by Ernst Mayr in his 1954 paper "Change of genetic environment and evolution," [3] and his classic volume Animal Species and Evolution (1963). [29] Allopatric speciation suggests that species with large central populations are stabilized by their large volume and the process of gene flow.
Plato was called by biologist Ernst Mayr "the great antihero of evolutionism," [13] because he promoted belief in essentialism, which is also referred to as the theory of Forms. This theory holds that each natural type of object in the observed world is an imperfect manifestation of the ideal, form or "species" which defines that type.
Harvard evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr (1961) [8] suggested that there are two fundamentally different types of causation in biology, ‘ultimate’ and ‘proximate’. Ultimate causes (e.g. natural selection ) were seen as (i) providing historical accounts for the existence of an organism's features, and (ii) explaining the function or ...
The concept of teleonomy was largely developed by Mayr and Pittendrigh to separate biological evolution from teleology. Pittendrigh's purpose was to enable biologists who had become overly cautious about goal-oriented language to have a way of discussing the goals and orientations of an organism's behaviors without inadvertently invoking teleology.
It was not long before the synthesis was broadened to include paleontology, systematics and botany in a series of notable books: Systematics and the Origin of Species (1942) by Ernst Mayr; Tempo and Mode in Evolution (1944) by George Gaylord Simpson; and Variation and Evolution in Plants (1950) by G. Ledyard Stebbins. [19]