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Artemisia II of Caria (Greek: Ἀρτεμισία; died 351 BC [1]) was a naval strategist, commander and the sister (and later spouse) and the successor of Mausolus, ruler of Caria. Mausolus was a satrap of the Achaemenid Empire , yet enjoyed the status of king or dynast of the Hecatomnid dynasty .
Artemisia is a 1997 French-German-Italian biographical film about Artemisia Gentileschi, the female Italian Baroque painter. [3] The film was directed by Agnès Merlet , and stars Valentina Cervi and Michel Serrault .
Artemisia's father was the satrap of Halicarnassus, Lygdamis I (Λύγδαμις Α') [6] [7] [8] and her mother was from the island of Crete. [9] [10] She took the throne after the death of her husband, as she had a son, named Pisindelis (Πισίνδηλις), who was still a youth.
The dynastic capital was moved to Halicarnassus by Mausolus and Artemisia, who built the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, there. The dynasty survived the conquest of the Achaemenid Empire by Alexander the Great when Ada I, the final Hecatomnid ruler of Caria, adopted Alexander the Great as her son.
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus or Tomb of Mausolus [a] (Ancient Greek: Μαυσωλεῖον τῆς Ἁλικαρνασσοῦ; Turkish: Halikarnas Mozolesi) was a tomb built between 353 and 351 BC in Halicarnassus (present Bodrum, Turkey) for Mausolus, an Anatolian from Caria and a satrap in the Achaemenid Persian Empire, and his sister-wife Artemisia II of Caria.
Accompanying him are Artemisia, the Queen of Halicarnassus, who beguiles Xerxes with her charm, and Demaratus, an exiled king of Sparta, whose warnings Xerxes does not heed. Xerxes releases a captured Spartan soldier, Agathon, and tells him to inform the Greeks of their impending doom.
Pliny the Elder, who incorrectly [3] attributed the synoecism to Alexander the Great, lists the villages assimilated into Halicarnassus as Theangela, Sibde, Medmasa, Euralium, Pedasus, and Telmissus. [41] [3] The city of Halicarnassus, newly rebuilt by Mausolus and Artemisia, had a number of Greek features, including a large theatre and agora.
Ada of Caria (Ancient Greek: Ἄδα) (fl. 377 – 326 BC) [1] was a member of the House of Hecatomnus (the Hecatomnids) and ruler of Caria during the mid-4th century BC, first as Persian Satrap and later as Queen under the auspices of Alexander III (the Great) of Macedon.