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AN/AQS-13 dipping sonar deployed from an SH-3 Sea King. The AN/AQS-13 series was a helicopter dipping sonar system for the United States Navy.These systems were deployed as the primary inner zone anti-submarine warfare (ASW) sensor on aircraft carrier based helicopters for over five decades. [1]
HELRAS or the Helicopter Long Range Active Sonar is a naval helicopter undersea sensor, a dipping sonar (a form of towed array sonar), deployed by helicopters of many naval air forces around the world to detect submarines; it is a form of geophysical MASINT.
The sonar systems businesses of Thomson and GEC-Marconi then merged to become Thomson Marconi Sonar (TMS). In 1999, as part of the merger of Marconi Electronic Systems (as GEC-Marconi had become), and British Aerospace , the newly formed BAE Systems held 49.9% of TMS, which it sold to Thales (the new name for Thomson-CSF) in 2001.
The Ka-27PL anti-submarine version is equipped with a radar, and either a dipping sonar or a magnetic anomaly detector. It can also carry either up to 36 sonobuoys, or a torpedo, or between six and eight conventional depth charges, or a single nuclear one. Ka-27PLs generally operate in pairs as hunter-killer teams. [1]
Airborne dipping sonar: SH-3A Sea King: AN/AQS-13: Airborne anti-submarine warfare (ASW) dipping sonar, improved AN/AQS-10: SH-3D Sea King, SH-60F Seahawk: L3Harris Technologies: AN/AQS-20: Sonar mine countermeasure: Raytheon: AN/AQS-22: Advanced Airborne Low-Frequency Sonar (ALFS) MH-60R Seahawk: Telephonics Corporation
The most effective type has varied between active and passive, depending on the countermeasures taken by the submarine. Its versatility has increased with the development of air-dropped sonobuoys, which relay sonar signals to overhead aircraft, dipping sonar from helicopters and fixed long range systems.
For anti-submarine duties, the helicopter can operate for over three hours when equipped with the Thales FLASH dipping sonar, two hours with the sonar and one Blue Shark torpedo, and an hour or more with the sonar and two torpedoes; it can also drop sonobuoys. [54]
The Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprite is an American ship-based helicopter with anti-submarine, anti-surface threat capability, including over-the-horizon targeting. This aircraft extends and increases shipboard sensor and weapon capabilities against several types of enemy threats, including submarines of all types, surface ships, and patrol craft that may be armed with anti-ship missiles.