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AN/AQS-13 dipping sonar deployed from an SH-3 Sea King. The AN/AQS-13 series was a helicopter dipping sonar system for the United States Navy.These systems were deployed as the primary inner zone anti-submarine warfare (ASW) sensor on aircraft carrier based helicopters for over five decades. [1]
HELRAS or the Helicopter Long Range Active Sonar is a naval helicopter undersea sensor, a dipping sonar (a form of towed array sonar), deployed by helicopters of many naval air forces around the world to detect submarines; it is a form of geophysical MASINT.
AN/AQS-13 Dipping sonar deployed from an H-3 Sea King, an aircraft used by numerous countries and produced in Italy, Japan, and the United Kingdom Antisubmarine helicopters can carry a "dipping" sonar head at the end of a cable, which the helicopter can raise from or lower into the water.
For anti-submarine duties, the helicopter can operate for over three hours when equipped with the Thales FLASH dipping sonar, two hours with the sonar and one Blue Shark torpedo, and an hour or more with the sonar and two torpedoes; it can also drop sonobuoys. [54]
Configured with pulse-compression radar, low frequency dipping sonar, radar warning receiver and doppler navigation system, it is also armed with torpedoes for use aboard Pakistan Navy's Zulfiquar-class frigates. [6] Z-9G Export version of the WZ-9 gunship. [7] Z-9EH Transport, emergency and/or passenger variant. [8] Z-9W Also known as WZ-9.
The most effective type has varied between active and passive, depending on the countermeasures taken by the submarine. Its versatility has increased with the development of air-dropped sonobuoys, which relay sonar signals to overhead aircraft, dipping sonar from helicopters and fixed long range systems.
Airborne dipping sonar: SH-3A Sea King: AN/AQS-13: Airborne anti-submarine warfare (ASW) dipping sonar, improved AN/AQS-10: SH-3D Sea King, SH-60F Seahawk: L3Harris Technologies: AN/AQS-20: Sonar mine countermeasure: Raytheon: AN/AQS-22: Advanced Airborne Low-Frequency Sonar (ALFS) MH-60R Seahawk: Telephonics Corporation
On a typical ASW mission, a PS-1 would range over hundreds of square miles of ocean, landing between 12 and 16 times to dip its sonar. [3] The type was capable of numerous feats, such as being able to routinely land in seas with waves of up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) in height.