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Fig1. The sporulation process of Bacillus subtilis. Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacteria that is naturally found in soil and vegetation, and is known for its ability to form a small, tough, protective and metabolically dormant endospore.
Bacillus subtilis (/ b ə ˈ s ɪ l. ə s s u b ˈ t iː. l i s /), [3] [4] known also as the hay bacillus or grass bacillus, is a gram-positive, catalase-positive bacterium, found in soil and the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants, humans and marine sponges.
An endospore stain of the cell Bacillus subtilis showing endospores as green and the vegetative cell as red Phase-bright endospores of Paenibacillus alvei imaged with phase-contrast microscopy An endospore is a dormant , tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by some bacteria in the phylum Bacillota .
Endospore stain on Bacillus subtilis.The spore is stained green and the vegetative cell is stained a pinkish red color. Endospore staining is a technique used in bacteriology to identify the presence of endospores in a bacterial sample. [1]
B. subtilis is a soil-dwelling microbe that uses quorum sensing to regulate two different biological processes: competence and sporulation. During stationary growth phase when B. subtilis are at high cell density, approximately 10% of the cells in a population are induced to become competent.
A stained preparation of Bacillus subtilis showing endospores as green and the vegetative cell as red. The Schaeffer–Fulton stain is a technique designed to isolate endospores by staining any present endospores green, and any other bacterial bodies red. [1]
[1] [2] In the last 40 years his work has focused on dissecting the signal transduction mechanism that controls sporulation in Bacillus subtilis. He introduced the widely used phrase 'phosphorelay' to describe the transfer of phosphoryl groups between the two proteins involved in bacterial signal transduction that comprise the so-called two ...
[1] [2] Spore photoproduct is the predominant type of thymine crosslinking in germinating endospores, which is why SPL is unique to organisms that produce endospores, such as Bacillus subtilis. [3] Other types of thymine crosslinking, such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts (6-4PPs), are less ...