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Comparison of some common motherboard form factors (pen for scale) A PC motherboard is the main circuit board within a typical desktop computer, laptop or server. Its main functions are as follows: To serve as a central backbone to which all other modular parts such as CPU, RAM, and hard drives can be attached as required to create a computer
ITE Super I/O chip (IT8712F) SMSC™ (now Microchip) Super I/O chip (FDC37M813) on IBM motherboard Super I/O (sometimes Multi-IO) [ 1 ] is a class of I/O controller integrated circuits that began to be used on personal computer motherboards in the late 1980s, originally as add-in cards , later embedded on the motherboards.
An ATX power supply provides a number of peripheral power connectors and (in modern systems) two connectors for the motherboard: an 8-pin (or 4+4-pin) auxiliary connector providing additional power to the CPU and a main 24-pin power supply connector, an extension of the original 20-pin version. 20-pin Molex 39-29-9202 at the motherboard. 20-pin ...
Motherboard diagram, created in 2007, which supports many on-board peripheral functions as well as several expansion slots. The functionality found in a contemporary southbridge includes: [8] [2] PCI bus. A south bridge may also include support for PCI-X. Low speed PCI Express (PCIe) interfaces usually for Ethernet and NVMe. ISA bus or LPC ...
Connectors on this cable would be designated: 1A1W35P1; 1A1W35P2; ASME Y14.44-2008 continues the convention of Plug P and Jack J when assigning references for electrical connectors in assemblies where a J (or jack) is the more fixed and P (or plug) is the less fixed of a connector pair, without regard to the gender of the connector contacts.
CPU sockets are used on the motherboard in desktop and server computers. Because they allow easy swapping of components, they are also used for prototyping new circuits. Laptops typically use surface-mount CPUs, which take up less space on the motherboard than a socketed part.
A typical motherboard will have a different number of connections depending on its standard and form factor. A standard, modern ATX motherboard will typically have two or three PCI-Express x16 connection for a graphics card, one or two legacy PCI slots for various expansion cards, and one or two PCI-E x1 (which has superseded PCI).
A power supply with a 24-pin connector can be used on a motherboard with a 20-pin connector. In cases where the motherboard has a 24-pin connector, some power supplies come with two connectors (one with 20-pin and other with 4-pin, i.e. 20+4-pin form) which can be used together to form the 24-pin connector.