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The relational model was introduced by E.F. Codd in 1970 [2] as a way to make database management systems more independent of any particular application. It is a mathematical model defined in terms of predicate logic and set theory , and implementations of it have been used by mainframe, midrange and microcomputer systems.
Database design is the organization of data according to a database model. The designer determines what data must be stored and how the data elements interrelate. With this information, they can begin to fit the data to the database model. [1] A database management system manages the data accordingly.
Formally, a "database" refers to a set of related data accessed through the use of a "database management system" (DBMS), which is an integrated set of computer software that allows users to interact with one or more databases and provides access to all of the data contained in the database (although restrictions may exist that limit access to particular data).
Data architecture consist of models, policies, rules, and standards that govern which data is collected and how it is stored, arranged, integrated, and put to use in data systems and in organizations. [1] Data is usually one of several architecture domains that form the pillars of an enterprise architecture or solution architecture. [2]
Database theory encapsulates a broad range of topics related to the study and research of the theoretical realm of databases and database management systems.. Theoretical aspects of data management include, among other areas, the foundations of query languages, computational complexity and expressive power of queries, finite model theory, database design theory, dependency theory, foundations ...
Overview of a data-modeling context: Data model is based on Data, Data relationship, Data semantic and Data constraint. A data model provides the details of information to be stored, and is of primary use when the final product is the generation of computer software code for an application or the preparation of a functional specification to aid a computer software make-or-buy decision.
When such a translation is done the tables in the relational database will mostly be in the sixth normal form. Unlike the star schema ( dimensional modelling ) and the classical relational model (3NF), data vault and anchor modeling are well-suited for capturing changes that occur when a source system is changed or added, but are considered ...
A hierarchical database model is a data model in which the data is organized into a tree-like structure. The data are stored as records which is a collection of one or more fields . Each field contains a single value, and the collection of fields in a record defines its type .