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  2. Acid–base reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidbase_reaction

    In chemistry, an acidbase reaction is a chemical reaction that occurs between an acid and a base.It can be used to determine pH via titration.Several theoretical frameworks provide alternative conceptions of the reaction mechanisms and their application in solving related problems; these are called the acidbase theories, for example, Brønsted–Lowry acidbase theory.

  3. Sindhi Adabi Board - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindhi_Adabi_Board

    The Federal Advisory Board was created in 1940 to fill the need for an organisation which could initiate, supervise and promote the publication of material in Sindhi language. In 1950, a more powerful executive committee was constituted, and in March 1955 the Sindhi Adabi Board was brought into being. [citation needed]

  4. Acid–base titration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acidbase_titration

    acid + base → salt + water. For example: HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H 2 O. Acidimetry is the specialized analytical use of acid-base titration to determine the concentration of a basic (alkaline) substance using standard acid. This can be used for weak bases and strong bases. [8] An example of an acidimetric titration involving a strong base is as ...

  5. HSAB theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSAB_theory

    The E and C parameters refer, respectively, to the electrostatic and covalent contributions to the strength of the bonds that the acid and base will form. The equation is -ΔH = E A E B + C A C B + W. The W term represents a constant energy contribution for acidbase reaction such as the cleavage of a dimeric acid or base. The equation ...

  6. Lewis acids and bases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_acids_and_bases

    The ECW model is a quantitative model that describes and predicts the strength of Lewis acid base interactions, −ΔH. The model assigned E and C parameters to many Lewis acids and bases. Each acid is characterized by an E A and a C A. Each base is likewise characterized by its own E B and C B. The E and C parameters refer, respectively, to ...

  7. Sindh Education and Literacy Department - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindh_Education_and...

    The Education and Literacy Department is a key division of the Government of Sindh, Pakistan, responsible for overseeing the provincial's education system.Its primary role is to manage educational affairs within Sindh and coordinate with the Federal Government and donor agencies to promote education.

  8. Enthalpy of neutralization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enthalpy_of_neutralization

    In chemistry and thermodynamics, the enthalpy of neutralization (ΔH n) is the change in enthalpy that occurs when one equivalent of an acid and a base undergo a neutralization reaction to form water and a salt. It is a special case of the enthalpy of reaction. It is defined as the energy released with the formation of 1 mole of water.

  9. pH indicator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH_indicator

    For example, if the concentration of the conjugate base is 10 times greater than the concentration of the acid, their ratio is 10:1, and consequently the pH is pK a + 1 or pK b + 1. Conversely, if a 10-fold excess of the acid occurs with respect to the base, the ratio is 1:10 and the pH is pK a − 1 or pK b − 1.