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In this example, the original photograph is shown on left. The version on the right shows the effect of quantizing it to 16 colors and dithering using the 8×8 ordered dithering pattern. The characteristic 17 patterns of the 4×4 ordered dithering matrix can be seen clearly when used with only two colors, black and white.
Ordered dithering dithers using a dither matrix. For every pixel in the image, the value of the pattern at the corresponding location is used as a threshold. Neighboring pixels do not affect each other, making this form of dithering suitable for use in animations. Different patterns can generate completely different dithering effects.
Bayer is also known for his recursively defined matrix used in ordered dithering. Alternatives to the Bayer filter include both various modifications of colors and arrangement and completely different technologies, such as color co-site sampling, the Foveon X3 sensor, the dichroic mirrors or a transparent diffractive-filter array. [5]
Floyd–Steinberg dithering is an image dithering algorithm first published in 1976 by Robert W. Floyd and Louis Steinberg. It is commonly used by image manipulation software. For example when converting an image from a Truecolor 24-bit PNG format into a GIF format, which is restricted to a maximum of 256 colors.
Atkinson dithering is a variant of Floyd–Steinberg dithering designed by Bill Atkinson at Apple Computer, and used in the original Macintosh computer. Implementation
Most printers overlap the black dots slightly, so there is not an exact one-to-one relationship to dot frequency (in dots per unit area) and lightness.Tone scale linearization may be applied to the source image to get the printed image to look correct.
Rows from a randomly permuted (for incoherence) Walsh-Hadamard matrix, reshaped into square patterns, are commonly used as binary test functions in single-pixel imaging. To obtain both positive and negative values (±1 in this case), the mean light intensity can be subtracted from each measurements, [ 3 ] since the SLM can produce only binary ...
The same pure tone with triangular dither and noise shaping. Note that the noise is lowest (−80 dB) around 4 kHz where the ear is the most sensitive. Noise shaping in audio is most commonly applied as a bit-reduction scheme.