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Peridot olivine is the birthstone for the month of August. [17] Peridot has often been mistaken for emerald beryl and other green gems. [18] Noted gemologist G.F. Kunz discussed the confusion between beryl and peridot in many church treasures, most notably the "Three Magi treasure" in the Dom of Cologne, Germany. [19] [1]
The word peridotite comes from the gemstone peridot, which consists of pale green olivine. [1] Classic peridotite is bright green with some specks of black, although most hand samples tend to be darker green. Peridotitic outcrops typically range from earthy bright yellow to dark green; this is because olivine is easily weathered to iddingsite ...
The mineral olivine (/ ˈ ɒ l. ɪ ˌ v iː n /) is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula (Mg,Fe) 2 Si O 4.It is a type of nesosilicate or orthosilicate.The primary component of the Earth's upper mantle, [9] it is a common mineral in Earth's subsurface, but weathers quickly on the surface.
Harzburgite, an ultramafic, igneous rock, is a variety of peridotite consisting mostly of the two minerals olivine and low-calcium (Ca) pyroxene ; it is named for occurrences in the Harz Mountains of Germany. It commonly contains a few percent chromium-rich spinel as an accessory mineral.
Diopside is found in ultramafic (kimberlite and peridotite) igneous rocks, and diopside-rich augite is common in mafic rocks, such as olivine basalt and andesite. Diopside is also found in a variety of metamorphic rocks, such as in contact metamorphosed skarns developed from high silica dolomites .
Demantoid is the green gemstone variety of the mineral andradite, a member of the garnet group of minerals.Andradite is a calcium- and iron-rich garnet.The chemical formula is Ca 3 Fe 2 (SiO 4) 3 with chromium substitution as the cause of the demantoid green color.