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Boric acid in equilibrium with its conjugate base the borate ion is widely used (in the concentration range 50–100 ppm boron equivalents) as a primary or adjunct pH buffer system in swimming pools. Boric acid is a weak acid, with p K a (the pH at which buffering is strongest because the free acid and borate ion are in equal concentrations) of ...
A broader definition of acid dissociation includes hydrolysis, in which protons are produced by the splitting of water molecules. For example, boric acid, B(OH) 3, acts as a weak acid, even though it is not a proton donor, because of the hydrolysis equilibrium B(OH) 3 + H 2 O ⇌ B(OH) − 4 + H +. Similarly, metal ion hydrolysis causes ions ...
Carbonic acid equilibria are important for acid–base homeostasis in the human body. An amino acid is also amphoteric with the added complication that the neutral molecule is subject to an internal acid–base equilibrium in which the basic amino group attracts and binds the proton from the acidic carboxyl group, forming a zwitterion.
When some strong acid is added to an equilibrium mixture of the weak acid and its conjugate base, hydrogen ions (H +) are added, and the equilibrium is shifted to the left, in accordance with Le Chatelier's principle. Because of this, the hydrogen ion concentration increases by less than the amount expected for the quantity of strong acid added.
This page provides supplementary chemical data on boric acid. Thermodynamic properties. Phase behavior Triple point? K (? °C), ? Pa Critical point? K (? °C), ?
It is formed by the reaction of boric acid and ethanol in the presence of acid catalyst, where it forms according to the equilibrium reaction: B(OH) 3 + 3 C 2 H 5 OH ⇌ (C 2 H 5 O) 3 B + 3 H 2 O. In order to increase the rate of forward reaction, the formed water must be removed from reaction media by either azeotropic distillation or adsorption.
In animals, boric acid/borate salts are essentially completely absorbed following oral ingestion. Absorption occurs via inhalation, although quantitative data are unavailable. Limited data indicate that boric acid/salts are not absorbed through intact skin to any significant extent, although absorption occurs through skin that is severely abraded.
Example Bjerrum plot: Change in carbonate system of seawater from ocean acidification.. A Bjerrum plot (named after Niels Bjerrum), sometimes also known as a Sillén diagram (after Lars Gunnar Sillén), or a Hägg diagram (after Gunnar Hägg) [1] is a graph of the concentrations of the different species of a polyprotic acid in a solution, as a function of pH, [2] when the solution is at ...