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  2. Gastrointestinal wall - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrointestinal_wall

    The mucosa is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal tract. It surrounds the cavity of the tract and comes into direct contact with digested food . The mucosa is made up of three layers: [1] The epithelium is the innermost layer. It is where most digestive, absorptive and secretory processes occur.

  3. Small intestine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_intestine

    The small intestine is the site where most of the nutrients from ingested food are absorbed. The inner wall, or mucosa, of the small intestine, is lined with intestinal epithelium, a simple columnar epithelium. Structurally, the mucosa is covered in wrinkles or flaps called circular folds, which are considered permanent features in the mucosa.

  4. Microfold cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfold_cell

    Microfold cells (or M cells) are found in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) of the Peyer's patches in the small intestine, and in the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

  5. Intestinal epithelium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_epithelium

    The intestinal epithelium is the single cell layer that forms the luminal surface (lining) of both the small and large intestine (colon) of the gastrointestinal tract. Composed of simple columnar epithelium its main functions are absorption, and secretion. Useful substances are absorbed into the body, and the entry of harmful substances is ...

  6. Intestinal gland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_gland

    Intestinal glands are found in the epithelia of the small intestine, namely the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, and in the large intestine (colon), where they are sometimes called colonic crypts. Intestinal glands of the small intestine contain a base of replicating stem cells , Paneth cells of the innate immune system , and goblet cells , which ...

  7. Intestinal mucosal barrier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intestinal_mucosal_barrier

    The intestinal mucosal barrier is a heterogeneous entity composed of physical, biochemical, and immune elements elaborated by the intestinal mucosa. The central component is the intestinal epithelial layer, which provides physical separation between the lumen and the body. The secretion of various molecules into the lumen reinforces the barrier ...

  8. Human digestive system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system

    The cecum is a pouch marking the division between the small intestine and the large intestine. It lies below the ileocecal valve in the lower right quadrant of the abdomen. [33] The cecum receives chyme from the last part of the small intestine, the ileum, and connects to the ascending colon of the large intestine. At this junction there is a ...

  9. Duodenum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodenum

    The duodenum precedes the jejunum and ileum and is the shortest part of the small intestine. In human beings, the duodenum is a hollow jointed tube about 25–38 centimetres (10–15 inches) long connecting the stomach to the middle part of the small intestine. [4] [5] It begins with the duodenal bulb and ends at the suspensory muscle of ...