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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue).
Stromal cells, or mesenchymal stromal cells, are differentiating cells found in abundance within bone marrow but can also be seen all around the body. Stromal cells can become connective tissue cells of any organ , for example in the uterine mucosa ( endometrium ), prostate , bone marrow , lymph node and the ovary .
That bone marrow is a priming site for T-cell responses to blood-borne antigens was first described in 2003. [13] Mature circulating naïve T cells home to bone marrow sinuses after they have passed through arteries and arterioles. [14] They transmigrate sinus endothelium and enter the parenchyma which contains dendritic cells (DCs).
Mesenchymal stem cell / marrow stromal cell; Chondrocyte; Hypertrophic chondrocyte; Mesenchymal (mesoderm origin) stem cells are undifferentiated, meaning they can differentiate into a variety of generative cells commonly known as osteochondrogenic (or osteogenic, chondrogenic, osteoprogenitor, etc.) cells.
Bst1 (Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 1, ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2, CD157) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the BST1 gene. [5] [6] [7] CD157 is a paralog of CD38, both of which are located on chromosome 4 (4p15) in humans. [8] Bst1 is a stromal cell line-derived glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule that facilitates pre-B-cell ...
The cells which make up stroma tissues serve as a matrix in which the other cells are embedded. [2] Stroma is made of various types of stromal cells. Examples of stroma include: stroma of iris; stroma of cornea; stroma of ovary; stroma of thyroid gland; stroma of thymus; stroma of bone marrow; lymph node stromal cell; multipotent stromal cell ...
Tetherin, also known as bone marrow stromal antigen 2, is a lipid raft associated protein that in humans is encoded by the BST2 gene. [5] [6] [7] In addition, tetherin has been designated as CD317 (cluster of differentiation 317). This protein is constitutively expressed in mature B cells, plasma cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells, and in ...
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells [1] that give rise to other blood cells.This process is called haematopoiesis. [2] In vertebrates, the first definitive HSCs arise from the ventral endothelial wall of the embryonic aorta within the (midgestational) aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, through a process known as endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition.