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Amauropelta noveboracensis, the New York fern, [3] is a perennial species of fern found throughout the eastern United States and Canada, from Louisiana to Newfoundland, but most concentrated within Appalachia and the Atlantic Northeast. New York ferns often forms spreading colonies within the forests they inhabit.
The fern has spores on the bottom of the fronds, contained in sori. Sori can be found aligned in rows on the underside of fertile fronds. They start as yellow, but as they mature, they turn brown and split. [13] The fern sporulates in summer and early fall. Rhizome sections are also viable offspring and can root themselves in new medium.
Oxford University Press. New York and Oxford, 475 pages. Gleason, Henry A., and Arthur Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. (Second Edition) The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458, 910 pages. Google Hybrid Map. 2006. Target building, Soldiers Delight Visitor Center.
Coryphopteris simulata, synonym Thelypteris simulata, [2] is a species of fern native to the Northeastern United States. It is known by two common names: bog-fern and Massachusetts fern. It is often confused with the silvery spleenwort, New York fern, and the marsh fern due to similarities in shape and size. [3] [4]
Asplenium rhizophyllum plantlet sprouting from the leaf apex of its parent plant. The stipe (the stalk of the leaf, below the blade) is 0.5 to 12 centimetres (0.20 to 4.7 in) long [2] (occasionally up to 15 centimetres (5.9 in) long), and ranges from one-tenth to one and one-half times the length of the blade.
Pteridium aquilinum, commonly called bracken, brake, pasture brake, common bracken, and also known as eagle fern, is a species of fern occurring in temperate and subtropical regions in both hemispheres. Originally native to Eurasia and North America, the extreme lightness of its spores has led to it achieving a cosmopolitan distribution.
Sitobolium punctilobulum, the eastern hayscented fern [4] or hay-scented fern, is a species of fern native to eastern North America, from Newfoundland west to Wisconsin and Arkansas, and south in the Appalachian Mountains to northern Alabama; it is most abundant in the east of its range, with only scattered populations in the west. [5]
Athyrium filix-femina, the lady fern or common lady-fern, is a large, feathery species of fern native to temperate Asia, Europe, North Africa, Canada and the US. [1] It is often abundant (one of the more common ferns) in damp, shady woodland environments and is often grown for decoration.