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In computing, dir (directory) is a command in various computer operating systems used for computer file and directory listing. [1] It is one of the basic commands to help navigate the file system . The command is usually implemented as an internal command in the command-line interpreter ( shell ).
This leads to duplicating some functionality. For example: List comprehensions vs. for-loops; Conditional expressions vs. if blocks; The eval() vs. exec() built-in functions (in Python 2, exec is a statement); the former is for expressions, the latter is for statements
The directory stack underlies the functions of these two commands. It is an array of paths stored as an environment variable in the CLI, which can be viewed using the command dirs in Unix or Get-Location -stack in PowerShell.
Attrib changes or views the attributes of one or more files. It defaults to display the attributes of all files in the current directory. The file attributes available include read-only, archive, system, and hidden attributes. The command has the capability to process whole folders and subfolders of files and also process all files.
.bak, .bk – Bak file various backup formats: some just copies of data files, some in application-specific data backup formats, some formats for general file backup programs BIN – binary data, often memory dumps of executable code or data to be re-used by the same software that originated it
instruct the directory command to also display the ownership of the files. Note the Directory command name is not case sensitive, and can be abbreviated to as few letters as required to remain unique. Windows: DIR/Q/O:S d* dir /q d* /o:s: display ownership of files whose names begin with d (or D), sorted by size, smallest first.
CD "[drive letter]:/Program Files" will only work from the root ([drive letter]:\) directory. This appears to treat all forward slashes the same as .\. [citation needed] exception: Use the /D switch to change current drive in addition to changing current directory for a drive. For example: CD "C:.\Program Files" works the same as CD "C:/Program ...
The program name is echo and the argument is "Hello World". The quotes are used to prevent Hello and World being treated as separate tokens: echo "Hello World" The following commands are equivalent. They list files in the directory /bin. The program is ls, having three flags (l, t, r), and the argument is the directory /bin: