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Cohen's kappa coefficient (κ, lowercase Greek kappa) is a statistic that is used to measure inter-rater reliability (and also intra-rater reliability) for qualitative (categorical) items. [1] It is generally thought to be a more robust measure than simple percent agreement calculation, as κ takes into account the possibility of the agreement ...
In statistics, intra-rater reliability is the degree of agreement among repeated administrations of a diagnostic test performed by a single rater. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Intra-rater reliability and inter-rater reliability are aspects of test validity .
Fleiss' kappa is a generalisation of Scott's pi statistic, [2] a statistical measure of inter-rater reliability. [3] It is also related to Cohen's kappa statistic and Youden's J statistic which may be more appropriate in certain instances. [4]
Measurements are gathered from a single rater who uses the same methods or instruments and the same testing conditions. [4] This includes intra-rater reliability. Inter-method reliability assesses the degree to which test scores are consistent when there is a variation in the methods or instruments used. This allows inter-rater reliability to ...
(A) Inter-Rater reliability: Inter-Rater reliability is estimate of agreement between independent raters. This is most useful for subjective responses. Cohen's Kappa, Krippendorff's Alpha, Intra-Class correlation coefficients, Correlation coefficients, Kendal's concordance coefficient, etc. are useful statistical tools. (B) Test-Retest ...
Single measures: even though more than one measure is taken in the experiment, reliability is applied to a context where a single measure of a single rater will be performed; Average measures: the reliability is applied to a context where measures of k raters will be averaged for each subject. Consistency or absolute agreement:
The BBS has been shown to have excellent inter-rater (ICC = 0.98) and intra-rater relative reliability (ICC = 0.97), with an absolute reliability varying between 2.8/56 and 6.6/56, with poorer reliability near the middle of the scale, [6] and is internally consistent (0.96). [2]
Nonetheless, it has many criticisms, [5] including the fact that it has moderate intra-rater reliability (EDSS kappa values between 0.32 and 0.76 and between 0.23 and 0.58 for the individual FSs were reported), offers poor assessment of upper limb and cognitive function, and lacks linearity between score difference and clinical severity. Other ...