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Cyanide is quantified by potentiometric titration, a method widely used in gold mining. It can also be determined by titration with silver ion. Some analyses begin with an air-purge of an acidified boiling solution, sweeping the vapors into a basic absorber solution. The cyanide salt absorbed in the basic solution is then analyzed. [47]
Cyanogen bromide is often used to immobilize proteins by coupling them to reagents such as agarose for affinity chromatography. [5] Because of its simplicity and mild pH conditions, cyanogen bromide activation is the most common method for preparing affinity gels.
The cyanide source can be potassium cyanide (KCN), sodium cyanide (NaCN) or trimethylsilyl cyanide ((CH 3) 3 SiCN). With aromatic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, the benzoin condensation is a competing reaction. The reaction is used in carbohydrate chemistry as a chain extension method for example that of D-xylose.
A cyanogen halide is a molecule consisting of cyanide and a halogen.Cyanogen halides are chemically classified as pseudohalogens.. The cyanogen halides are a group of chemically reactive compounds which contain a cyano group (-CN) attached to a halogen element, such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
The electron-withdrawing cyanide substituent draws electron density away from the negatively charged boron; thus, reducing the electrophilic capabilities of the anionic component. [2] This electronic phenomenon causes sodium cyanoborohydride to have more mild reducing qualities than other reducing agents.
Cyanuric chloride is employed as a reagent in organic synthesis for the conversion of alcohols into alkyl chlorides, [8] and carboxylic acids into acyl chlorides: [9]. It is also used as a dehydrating agent, e.g. in the conversion of amides to nitriles, [10] and for the activation of carboxylic acids for reduction to alcohols.
General chemical structure of an acyl cyanide. In organic chemistry, an acyl cyanide is a functional group with the formula R−C(O)CN and structure R−C(=O)−C≡N. It consists of an acyl group (R−C=O) attached to cyanide (−C≡N). Examples include acetyl cyanide, formyl cyanide, and oxalyl dicyanide. Acyl cyanides are reagents in ...
Thiocyanate salts are typically prepared by the reaction of cyanide with elemental sulfur: 8 NaCN + S 8 → 8 NaSCN. Sodium thiocyanate crystallizes in an orthorhombic cell. Each Na + center is surrounded by three sulfur and three nitrogen ligands provided by the triatomic thiocyanate anion. [3]