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Strategies to defend themselves against predators include the expulsion of ink, the use of camouflage and threat displays, the ability to jet quickly through the water and hide, and even deceit. All octopuses are venomous , but only the blue-ringed octopuses are known to be deadly to humans.
Many cephalopods including octopus, cuttlefish, and squid similarly use colour change, in their case both for camouflage and signalling. [24] For example, the big blue octopus, Octopus cyanea, hunts during the day, and can match itself to the colours and textures of its surroundings, both to avoid predators and to enable it to approach prey. It ...
Octopuses like this Octopus cyanea can change colour (and shape) for camouflage. In ancient Greece, Aristotle (384–322 BC) commented on the colour-changing abilities, both for camouflage and for signalling, of cephalopods including the octopus, in his Historia animalium: [1]
Octopuses are amazing creatures. They can squeeze themselves through tiny crevices. They have been known to pick locks and solve puzzles. They can change their colors to help camouflage themselves ...
This process, often used as a type of camouflage, is called physiological colour change or metachrosis. [1] Cephalopods, such as the octopus, have complex chromatophore organs controlled by muscles to achieve this, whereas vertebrates such as chameleons generate a similar effect by cell signalling.
So, when an octopus encounters a predator, it has the sensory apparatus to detect the threat, and it has to decide whether to flee, camouflage itself, or confuse predator or prey with a cloud of ink.
The East Asian common octopus is adapted to a benthic life at the bottom of the sea. Octopus sinensis has long arms with many suckers used for catching prey, a mantle without a rigid skeleton, which allows them to inhabit and hunt in small spaces and crevices in the seabed, horizontal pupils, and versatile skin with ability to change colors and camouflage themselves with the sea floor.
Someday, the researchers say they hope their method can be used to design military vehicles that can automatically camouflage themselves. And other research in recent years has focused on ...