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By contrast, an out-group is a social group with which an individual does not identify. People may for example identify with their peer group, family, community, sports team, political party, gender, sexual orientation, religion, or nation. It has been found that the psychological membership of social groups and categories is associated with a ...
A simple cladogram showing the evolutionary relationships between four species: A, B, C, and D. Here, Species A is the outgroup, and Species B, C, and D form the ingroup. In cladistics or phylogenetics, an outgroup [1] is a more distantly related group of organisms that serves as a reference group when determining the evolutionary relationships of the ingroup, the set of organisms under study ...
An ethnic out-group (also sometimes "outgroup" without hyphen) [1] is a group of people which does not belong to a particular ethnic group, religion or nationality. Many cultures have terms referring to all outsiders, but in practice this often becomes narrowed to the largest outsider group.
Outgroup may refer to: Outgroup (cladistics), an evolutionary-history concept; Outgroup (sociology), a social group This page was last edited on 3 ...
Thus, outgroup stereotypicality judgments are overestimated, supporting the view that out-group stereotypes are overgeneralizations. [2] The term "outgroup homogeneity effect", "outgroup homogeneity bias" or "relative outgroup homogeneity" have been explicitly contrasted with "outgroup homogeneity" in general, [ 3 ] the latter referring to ...
Outgroup homogeneity can be defined as seeing the outgroup members as more homogeneous than ingroup members. [43] Self-categorization accounts for the outgroup homogeneity effect as a function of perceiver motivation and the resultant comparative context, [4] [15] which is a description of the psychologically available stimuli at any one time ...
Group threat theory, also known as group position theory, [1] is a sociological theory that proposes the larger the size of an outgroup, the more the corresponding ingroup perceives it to threaten its own interests, resulting in the ingroup members having more negative attitudes toward the outgroup. [2]
These groups often form due to a common goal. In this type of group, it is possible for outgroup members (i.e., social categories of which one is not a member) [19] to become ingroup members (i.e., social categories of which one is a member) [19] with reasonable ease. Social groups, such as study-groups or coworkers, interact moderately over a ...