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  2. Renal ultrasonography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_ultrasonography

    ultrasound exam of kidneys. Renal ultrasonography (Renal US) is the examination of one or both kidneys using medical ultrasound. Ultrasonography of the kidneys is essential in the diagnosis and management of kidney-related diseases. The kidneys are easily examined, and most pathological changes in the kidneys are distinguishable with ultrasound.

  3. Urinary tract ultrasound - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_tract_ultrasound

    Determination of how much urine is in the bladder, for example to assess for urinary retention. To look for evidence and the cause of chronic kidney disease, for example shrunken kidneys. [1] To assist with an interventional procedure, such as the taking of a biopsy, or draining of an abscess or cyst. [1] To monitor a kidney transplant. [1]

  4. Hydronephrosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydronephrosis

    Pathophysiology. [] Hydronephrosis is caused by obstruction of urine before the renal pelvis. The obstruction causes dilation of the nephron tubules and flattening of the lining of the tubules within the kidneys which in turn causes swelling of the renal calyces. [ 4 ] Hydronephrosis can either be acute or chronic.

  5. Assessment of kidney function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assessment_of_kidney_function

    For most patients, a GFR over 60 (mL/min)/(1.73 m 2) is adequate. But significant decline of the GFR from a previous test result can be an early indicator of kidney disease requiring medical intervention. The sooner kidney dysfunction is diagnosed and treated the greater odds of preserving remaining nephrons, and preventing the need for dialysis.

  6. Vesicoureteral reflux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesicoureteral_reflux

    Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), also known as vesicoureteric reflux, is a condition in which urine flows retrograde, or backward, from the bladder into one or both ureters and then to the renal calyx or kidneys. [1][2] Urine normally travels in one direction (forward, or anterograde) from the kidneys to the bladder via the ureters, with a one-way ...

  7. Cystoscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystoscopy

    MedlinePlus. 003903. [edit on Wikidata] Cystoscopy is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra. It is carried out with a cystoscope. The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. The cystoscope has lenses like a telescope or microscope. These lenses let the physician focus on the inner surfaces ...

  8. Urinalysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinalysis

    Urinalysis is one of the most commonly performed medical laboratory tests. [12] It is frequently used to help diagnose urinary tract infections [13] and to investigate other issues with the urinary system, such as incontinence. [14] It may be used to screen for diseases as part of a medical assessment.

  9. Lower urinary tract symptoms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lower_urinary_tract_symptoms

    Lower urinary tract symptoms. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) refer to a group of clinical symptoms involving the bladder, urinary sphincter, urethra and, in men, the prostate. The term is more commonly applied to men [1] – over 40% of older men are affected [2][3][4][5] – but lower urinary tract symptoms also affect women. [6]