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Hotspot volcanoes are considered to have a fundamentally different origin from island arc volcanoes. The latter form over subduction zones, at converging plate boundaries. When one oceanic plate meets another, the denser plate is forced downward into a deep ocean trench.
The Iceland hotspot is a hotspot which is partly responsible for the high volcanic activity which has formed the Iceland Plateau and the island of Iceland. It contributes to understanding the geological deformation of Iceland .
The hotspot's most recent caldera-forming supereruption, known as the Lava Creek Eruption, took place 640,000 years ago and created the Lava Creek Tuff, and the most recent Yellowstone Caldera. The Yellowstone hotspot is one of a few volcanic hotspots underlying the North American tectonic plate; another example is the Anahim hotspot.
The Hawaiʻi hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located near the namesake Hawaiian Islands, in the northern Pacific Ocean.One of the best known and intensively studied hotspots in the world, [1] [2] the Hawaii plume is responsible for the creation of the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain, a 6,200-kilometer (3,900 mi) mostly undersea volcanic mountain range.
Bathymetry of the Kerguelen Plateau Location of the plateau – the white spot is Kerguelen Island. The Kerguelen Plateau (/ ˈ k ɜːr ɡ əl ən /, / k ər ˈ ɡ eɪ l ən /), [1] also known as the Kerguelen–Heard Plateau, [2] is an oceanic plateau and large igneous province (LIP) located on the Antarctic Plate, in the southern Indian Ocean. [3]
The geologic history of the New England hotspot is the subject of much debate among geoscientists. The conventional opinion is that volcanic activity associated with the hotspot results from movement of the North American Plate over a fixed mantle plume.
The volcanism is caused by the African Plate moving slowly over a hotspot in the Earth's mantle. A hotspot (the Canary hotspot) is the explanation accepted by most geologists who study the Canary Islands. [33] [34] A relatively hot mantle plume associated with this hotspot is thought to be rising through the mantle under La Palma and El Hierro ...
The Azores hotspot is marked 1 on map. The Azores hotspot is a volcanic hotspot in the Northern Atlantic Ocean. The Azores is relatively young and is associated with a bathymetric swell, a gravity anomaly and ocean island basalt geochemistry. [1] The Azores hotspot lies just east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge [2]