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Transmission line transformers commonly use small ferrite cores in toroidal rings or two-hole, binocular, shapes. The Guanella transmission line transformer (Guanella 1944) is often combined with a balun to act as an impedance matching transformer. Putting balancing aside a transformer of this type consists of a 75 Ω transmission line divided ...
In electrical engineering, impedance matching is the practice of designing or adjusting the input impedance or output impedance of an electrical device for a desired value. Often, the desired value is selected to maximize power transfer or minimize signal reflection .
A circuit that has the specific purpose of allowing interfacing between balanced and unbalanced circuits is called a balun. A balun could be a transformer with one leg earthed on the unbalanced side as described in the transformer balance section above. Other circuits are possible such as autotransformers or active circuits. [4]
The quarter wave transformer is an alternative to a stub; but, whereas a stub is terminated in a short (or open) circuit and the length is chosen so as to produce the required impedance transformation, the λ/4 transformer is in series with the load and its length and characteristic impedance are designed to produce the required impedance ...
The balun transfers power between the single-ended coax and the balanced antenna, sometimes with an additional change in impedance. A balun can be implemented as a transformer which also allows for an impedance transformation. This is usually wound on a ferrite toroidal core.
At radio frequencies and microwave frequencies, a quarter-wave impedance transformer can provide impedance matching between circuits over a limited range of frequencies, using only a section of transmission line no more than a 1 / 4 wave long. The line may be coaxial cable, waveguide, stripline, or microstrip.