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Anal cancer is a cancer which arises from the anus, the distal opening of the gastrointestinal tract. [1] Symptoms may include bleeding from the anus or a lump near the anus. [ 1 ] Other symptoms may include pain, itchiness, or discharge from the anus. [ 1 ]
Anal cancer may be a cause of constipation or tenesmus, or may be felt as a palpable mass, although it may occasionally present as an ulcerative form. [15]: 580 Anal cancer is investigated by biopsy and may be treated by surgery and radiotherapy, or with external beam radiotherapy and adjunctive chemotherapy. The five-year survival rate with ...
A 2024 systematic review of the literature found that chemoradiation with 5-FU and mitomycin C, as used in the Nigro Protocol, improves outcomes like colostomy-free survival in anal cancer patients compared to alternatives like cisplatin. However, it can lead to more severe side effects, especially blood-related toxicity. [7]
This was higher than previous estimates; 15.2% were infected with one or more of the high-risk types that can cause cancer. [185] [194] The prevalence for high-risk and low-risk types is roughly similar over time. [185] Human papillomavirus is not included among the diseases that are typically reportable to the CDC as of 2011. [195] [196]
Dec. 10—ROCHESTER — Cris Ross, Mayo Clinic's high-profile information technology chief who managed the $1.5 billion Epic System medical records transition, retired in November. Ross had served ...
A report from the U.S. surgeon general suggested that labels on alcoholic drinks should warn about cancer risk. Doctors expressed their agreement. For people wondering about the long-term damage ...
Some types of human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause anal cancer. [2] Other HPV types cause anogenital warts. Cigarette smokers, men who have sex with men, individuals with a history of immunosuppression (such as in HIV infection) and women with a history of cervical, vaginal and vulval cancer are at increased risk of getting anal cancer. [3]
Bladder cancer makes up about 4% of cancers, most commonly affecting people 55 and older. While rates for bladder cancer are dropping, it’s still important to know what the most common signs of ...