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The activation and proliferation of T cells that results from immune activation provides fresh targets for HIV infection. However, direct killing by HIV alone cannot account for the observed depletion of CD4 + T cells since only 0.01–0.10% of CD4 + T cells in the blood are infected. [citation needed]
In 2016, about 36.7 million people were living with HIV, and it resulted in 1 million deaths. [11] There were 300,000 fewer new HIV cases in 2016 than in 2015. [12] Most of those infected, live in sub-Saharan Africa. [4]
Original file (WebM audio/video file, VP9/Opus, length 3 min 40 s, 1,280 × 720 pixels, 343 kbps overall, file size: 8.99 MB) This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons . Information from its description page there is shown below.
Viral infectivity factor, or Vif, is an accessory protein found in HIV and other lentiviruses.Its role is to disrupt the antiviral activity of the human enzyme APOBEC (specifically APOBEC3G, "A3G" in short, and other A3 enzymes) by targeting it for ubiquitination and cellular degradation.
HIV is a retrovirus that primarily infects components of the human immune system such as CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. It directly and indirectly destroys CD4 + T cells. [88] HIV is a member of the genus Lentivirus, [89] part of the family Retroviridae. [90] Lentiviruses share many morphological and biological characteristics.
The genome and proteins of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) have been the subject of extensive research since the discovery of the virus in 1983. [1] [2] "In the search for the causative agent, it was initially believed that the virus was a form of the Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), which was known at the time to affect the human immune system and cause certain leukemias.
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