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As such, the strongest aluminium alloys are less corrosion-resistant due to galvanic reactions with alloyed copper, [7] and aluminium's corrosion resistance is greatly reduced by aqueous salts, particularly in the presence of dissimilar metals. [1]
Aluminium hydroxide forms both salts and aluminates and dissolves in acid and alkali, as well as on fusion with acidic and basic oxides. [39] This behavior of Al(OH) 3 is termed amphoterism and is characteristic of weakly basic cations that form insoluble hydroxides and whose hydrated species can also donate their protons.
The most important alums – potassium, sodium, and ammonium – are produced industrially. Typical recipes involve combining aluminium sulfate and the sulfate monovalent cation. [21] The aluminium sulfate is usually obtained by treating minerals like alum schist, bauxite and cryolite with sulfuric acid. [10]: 767
Aluminium hydroxide, Al(OH) 3, aluminium with three hydroxy groups attached, is a complete molecule, so it is not a "basic aluminium" compound. Aluminium acetate is a name for three salts in the solid state: dihydroxyaluminium aluminium acetate, hydroxyaluminium diacetate, and aluminium triacetate , Al(CH 3 CO 2 ) 3 .
Similarly to the alkali metals, ammonia reacts with hydrochloric acid to form the salt ammonium chloride. The ammonium ion ( NH + 4 ) has very similar properties to the heavier alkali metals, acting as an alkali metal intermediate between potassium and rubidium, [ 156
More conveniently, the salt can be made by reacting nitric acid with aluminium hydroxide. Aluminium nitrate may also be prepared a metathesis reaction between aluminium sulfate and a nitrate salt with a suitable cation such as barium, strontium, calcium, silver, or lead. e.g. Al 2 (SO 4) 3 + 3 Ba(NO 3) 2 → 2 Al(NO 3) 3 + 3 BaSO 4.
Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric substance, meaning it can react with both acids and bases, such as hydrofluoric acid and sodium hydroxide, acting as an acid with a base and a base with an acid, neutralising the other and producing a salt.
Aluminium sulfate is a salt with the formula Al 2 (SO 4) 3. It is soluble in water and is mainly used as a coagulating agent (promoting particle collision by neutralizing charge) in the purification of drinking water [ 3 ] [ 4 ] and wastewater treatment plants , and also in paper manufacturing.