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Meningism is a set of symptoms similar to those of meningitis but not caused by meningitis. [1] [3] [4] Whereas meningitis is inflammation of the meninges (membranes that cover the central nervous system), meningism is caused by nonmeningitic irritation of the meninges, usually associated with acute febrile illness, [1] [2] especially in children and adolescents. [2]
There are no specific signs or symptoms that can indicate meningitis, and a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to examine the cerebrospinal fluid is recommended for diagnosis. [47] Lumbar puncture is contraindicated if there is a mass in the brain (tumor or abscess) or the intracranial pressure (ICP) is elevated, as it may lead to brain herniation .
Brudziński's sign or a Brudziński sign is any of three medical signs, all of which may occur in meningitis or meningism.All three are named after Józef Brudziński. [1] In English, the name is often written without the diacritic (like many borrowed words) (Brudzinski) and is pronounced / b r uː ˈ dʒ ɪ n s k i /.
Focal neurological deficits may be caused by a variety of medical conditions such as head trauma, [1] tumors or stroke; or by various diseases such as meningitis or encephalitis or as a side effect of certain medications such as those used in anesthesia. [2] Neurological soft signs are a group of non-focal neurologic signs. [3]
Meningitis Now says there are many common signs and symptoms in adults: fever, cold hands and feet, vomiting, drowsiness, confusion and irritability, severe muscle pain, pale and blotchy skin ...
Eponymous medical signs are those that are named after a person or persons, usually the physicians who first described them, but occasionally named after a famous patient. This list includes other eponymous entities of diagnostic significance; i.e. tests, reflexes, etc.
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Early neurosyphilis often has no clinical symptoms. Meningitis is the most-common neurological presentation in early syphilis, typically arising within one year of initial infection. [6] Symptoms of syphilitic meningitis are similar to other forms of meningitis, including headache, neck stiffness, photophobia, confusion, nausea, and vomiting. [7]