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The South African rand, or simply the rand, (sign: R; code: ZAR [a]) is the official currency of South Africa. It is subdivided into 100 cents (sign: "c"), and a comma separates the rand and cents. [ 1 ]
The previous South African farthing coin (1 ⁄ 4 d) and half-a-crown (2 + 1 ⁄ 2 s) were not continued in decimal currency. In addition, two bullion coins with denominations of 1 rand and 2 rand were issued, replacing the gold half-pound and pound coins introduced in 1952.
This template renders a South African currency value with a currency symbol, or optionally an ISO 4217 identifier (ZAR), linked to the South African rand article. {{ZAR|123.45}} produces R 123.45 (with a non-breaking space between the R and the value)
Many African countries change their currency's appearance when a new government takes power (often the new head of state will appear on bank notes), though the notional value remains the same. Also, in many African currencies there have been episodes of rampant inflation, resulting in the need for currency revaluation (e.g. the Zimbabwe dollar).
The Common Monetary Area (CMA) links South Africa, Namibia, Lesotho and Eswatini into a monetary union.The Southern African Customs Union (SACU) includes all CMA members in addition to Botswana, which replaced the rand with the pula in 1976 as a means of establishing an independent monetary policy.
The South African Reserve Bank restricts the exportation of Krugerrands by a South African resident to a non-resident to a maximum of R30,000 (about US$2,100 or €1,870 as of June 2018). Visitors to South Africa can export up to 15 coins by declaring the items to the South African Revenue Service .
South African rand: R ZAR ... Currency includes paper, cotton, or polymer banknotes and metal coins. States generally have a monopoly on the issuing of currency ...
Currency distribution of global foreign exchange market turnover [1. Currency ISO 4217 ... South Korean won: KRW ... South African rand: ZAR: R: 1.1%: 1.0%: 0.1pp ...