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Public economics (or economics of the public sector) is the study of government policy through the lens of economic efficiency and equity. Public economics builds on the theory of welfare economics and is ultimately used as a tool to improve social welfare. Welfare can be defined in terms of well-being, prosperity, and overall state of being.
Pure public: when a good exhibits the two traits, non-rivalry and non-excludability, it is referred to as the pure public good. Pure public goods are rare. Impure public goods: the goods that satisfy the two public good conditions (non-rivalry and non-excludability) only to a certain extent or only some of the time. For instance, some aspects ...
Accelerating economic growth – to raise the standard of living of the people. Price rise – higher price level compels the government to spend an increased amount on purchase of goods and services. [73] Increase in public revenue – with the rise in public revenue government is bound to increase the public expenditure.
The term economics was originally known as "political economy".This term evolved from the French Mercantilist usage of économie politique, which expanded the notion of economy from the ancient Greek concept of household management to the national level, as the public administration of state affairs.
Public choice, or public choice theory, is "the use of economic tools to deal with traditional problems of political science." [ 1 ] It includes the study of political behavior .
The sum of the marginal benefits represent the aggregate willingness to pay or aggregate demand. The marginal cost is, under competitive market conditions, the supply for public goods. Hence the Samuelson condition can be thought of as a generalization of supply and demand concepts from private to public goods.
Public economics is the field of economics that deals with economic activities of a public sector, usually government. The subject addresses such matters as tax incidence (who really pays a particular tax), cost–benefit analysis of government programmes, effects on economic efficiency and income distribution of different kinds of spending and ...
Welfare economics is a field of economics that applies microeconomic techniques to evaluate the overall well-being (welfare) of a society. [1] The principles of welfare economics are often used to inform public economics, which focuses on the ways in which government intervention can improve social welfare.