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Cutting speed may be defined as the rate at the workpiece surface, irrespective of the machining operation used. A cutting speed for mild steel of 100 ft/min is the same whether it is the speed of the cutter passing over the workpiece, such as in a turning operation, or the speed of the cutter moving past a workpiece, such as in a milling operation.
Diagram of a laser cutter Laser cutting process on a sheet of steel CAD (top) and stainless steel laser-cut part (bottom) Laser cutting is a technology that uses a laser to vaporize materials, resulting in a cut edge. While typically used for industrial manufacturing applications, it is now used by schools, small businesses, architecture, and ...
It relates to spindle speed via variables such as cutter diameter (for rotating cutters) or workpiece diameter (for lathe work). SFM is a combination of diameter and the velocity ( RPM ) of the material measured in feet-per-minute as the spindle of a milling machine or lathe . 1 SFM equals 0.00508 surface meter per second (meter per second, or ...
where t is the depth of cut, P is the laser beam power, v is the cutting velocity, and d is the laser beam spot diameter. [5] The depth of the cut is also influenced by the workpiece material. The material's reflectivity, density, specific heat, and melting point temperature all contribute to the lasers ability to cut the workpiece.
In turning, for large-diameter work (typically more than 100 millimetres (3.9 in), although there is no universal threshold), a piece of the bar is cut off using a horizontal bandsaw to create a blank for each part. The blanks are then fed into a chucking lathe (chucker) which chucks each one in turn. For smaller-diameter work, the entire ...
Rotary cutting tools include drill bits, countersinks and counterbores, taps and dies, reamers, and cold saw blades. Other cutting tools, such as bandsaw blades, hacksaw blades, and fly cutters, combine aspects of linear and rotary motion. The majority of these types of cutting tools are often made from HSS (High-Speed-Steel).