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  2. Ijtihad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijtihad

    Ijtihad (/ ˌ ɪ dʒ t ə ˈ h ɑː d / IJ-tə-HAHD; [1] Arabic: اجتهاد ijtihād [ʔidʒ.tihaːd], lit. ' physical effort ' or ' mental effort ') [2] is an Islamic legal term referring to independent reasoning by an expert in Islamic law, [3] or the thorough exertion of a jurist's mental faculty in finding a solution to a legal question. [2]

  3. Faqīh - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faqīh

    The faqih who fulfills all conditions of ijtihad is sometimes referred to as a Mujtahid Mutlaq or Unrestricted Jurist-Scholar, while one who has not reached that level generally will have mastered the methodology (usul) used by one or more of the prominent madhhab and will be able to apply this methodology to arrive at the traditional legal ...

  4. Istihsan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istihsan

    It is one of the principles of legal thought underlying scholarly interpretation or ijtihad. A number of disputes existed amongst the classical jurists over this principle with the Hanafi school of jurisprudence and its jurists (fuqahah) adopting this as a secondary source.

  5. Ijtihadi family - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijtihadi_family

    Further settlement happened with few decided to build their homes in a village, within few kms from Nasirabad, known as Parshadepur, Raebareli. Ayattollah Al Uzma Sayyid Dildar Ali Naqvi 'Gufraanmaab Naseerabadi ', his family came to be called Khandan e Ijtihad due to prominence of high-ranking

  6. Akhbari - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akhbari

    The gist of Akhbari ideology is that nothing but the aḥadīth of the Infallible can serve as authoritative evidence in Islam. Akhbaris consider themselves to be bounded by the "Hadith of the two weighty things" (Hadith ath-Thaqalayn), i.e. reported instructions by the Islamic prophet Muhammad to his followers to follow only two sources of divine guidance after his death — the Quran and his ...

  7. Islamic fundamentalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism

    Use of ijtihad in Islamic law – According to academic John Esposito, one of the most defining features of Islamic fundamentalism is belief in the "reopening" of the gates of ijtihad ("independent reasoning" used in reaching a legal decision in Sunni law). [15]

  8. Qiyas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiyas

    Scott Lucas states that Bukhari’s rejection of qiyas was placed within the context of what Bukhari perceived as invalid techniques of ijtihad, which included religious innovation (bid’a), ra’y, and tamthil. [citation needed] Lucas also points out common mistakes other scholars make when analyzing Bukhari’s position on qiyas.

  9. Ijma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma

    Ijma' (Arabic: إجماع, romanized: ijmāʿ, lit. 'consensus', IPA: [ʔid͡ʒ.maːʕ]) is an Arabic term referring to the consensus or agreement of the Islamic community on a point of Islamic law.