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Research funding is a term generally covering any funding for scientific research, in the areas of natural science, technology, and social science.Different methods can be used to disburse funding, but the term often connotes funding obtained through a competitive process, in which potential research projects are evaluated and only the most promising receive funding.
According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, ″Gross domestic spending on R&D is defined as the total expenditure (current and capital) on R&D carried out by all resident companies, research institutes, university and government laboratories, etc., in a country.
In the 2018 funding round, the success rate was 11.2% for Standard grants and 14.8% for Fast Start grants. [5] Because of this intense competition, winning a Marsden Fund grant is regarded as a hallmark of research excellence in New Zealand. [1] Successful proposals are selected by the Marsden Fund Council. [10]
Bezos asked Shriram to meet Google's founders and they met six months after Shriram had made his investment when Bezos and his wife were on a vacation trip to the Bay Area. Google's initial funding round had already formally closed but Bezos' status as CEO of Amazon was enough to persuade Page and Brin to extend the round and accept his investment.
A study on the value of public research funding found that 30% of NIH grants led to research being published that was cited in a patent application, and that for every $100 million funded by the NIH, 23 patents were submitted. [7]
Verily Life Sciences LLC, [2] also known as Verily (formerly Google Life Sciences), is Alphabet Inc.'s research organization devoted to the study of life sciences. [3] [4] The organization was formerly a division of Google X, until August 10, 2015, when Sergey Brin announced that the organization would become an independent subsidiary of Alphabet Inc.
Industry funding of academic research in the United States is one of the two major sources of research funding in academia along with government support. Currently, private funding of research accounts for the majority of all research and development funding in the United States as of 2007 overall. [ 1 ]
The Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research has monitored NIH funding to Medical Schools as well as other health science schools and organizations since 2006. [10] BRIMR generates an annual ranking of NIH funding for US Medical Schools and their Departments [11] and the BRIMR data is considered to be the gold standard for medical school research metrics. [12]