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1.5 mSv: 6 months Chest X-ray: 0.1 mSv: 10 days Heart: Coronary CT angiography: 12 mSv: 4 years Coronary CT calcium scan: 3 mSv: 1 year Abdominal: CT of abdomen and pelvis: 10 mSv: 3 years CT of abdomen and pelvis, low dose protocol: 3 mSv [15] 1 year CT of abdomen and pelvis, with + without radiocontrast: 20 mSv: 7 years CT Colonography: 6 mSv ...
The cloverleaf structure of Yeast tRNA Phe (inset) and the 3D structure determined by X-ray analysis. The first non-coding RNA to be characterised was an alanine tRNA found in baker's yeast , its structure was published in 1965. [ 16 ]
Taking an X-ray image with early Crookes tube apparatus, late 1800s. Radiography's origins and fluoroscopy's origins can both be traced to 8 November 1895, when German physics professor Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen discovered the X-ray and noted that, while it could pass through human tissue, it could not pass through bone or metal. [1]
Therapeutic radiation increases the risk of a subsequent cardiovascular event (i.e., heart attack or stroke) by 1.5 to 4 times a person's normal rate, aggravating factors included. [34] The increase is dose dependent, related to the RT's dose strength, volume and location.
Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) is an organic substance that is involved in photosynthesis, notably as the principal CO 2 acceptor in plants. [ 1 ] : 2 It is a colourless anion, a double phosphate ester of the ketopentose ( ketone -containing sugar with five carbon atoms) called ribulose .
Less is known about the amount of radiogenic sources in Earth's outer and inner core, which lie below the mantle. It has been proposed, though, that significant core radioactivity (1–2 TW) may be caused by high levels of U, Th and K. [5] [6] Potassium-40 is the largest source of natural radioactivity in animals including humans.
Cell biology (also cellular biology or cytology) is a branch of biology that studies the structure, function, and behavior of cells. [1] [2] All living organisms are made of cells. A cell is the basic unit of life that is responsible for the living and functioning of organisms. [3] Cell biology is the study of the structural and functional ...
In structural biology, resolution can be broken down into 4 groups: (1) sub-atomic, when information about the electron density is obtained and quantum effects can be studied, (2) atomic, individual atoms are visible and an accurate three-dimensional model can be constructed, (3) helical, secondary structure, such as alpha helices and beta sheets; RNA helices (in ribosomes), (4) domain, no ...