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  2. Evaporation pond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaporation_pond

    Since evaporation ponds operate best with greater surface area of evaporation, large amount of land is required, so low quality, low cost land is better [2] A shallow pond covering greater surface area will result in faster rates of evaporation. [2] A view of evaporation ponds that are designed to extend for miles of land

  3. Garden pond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_pond

    This garden pond has two ponds separated by a waterfall with a one-foot drop; generally, the fish in the upper pond are smaller, and ones in the lower pond are larger. Ponds may be created by natural processes or by people; however, the origin of the hole in the ground makes little difference to the kind of wildlife that will be found in the pond.

  4. Evapotranspiration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evapotranspiration

    Ch. 1, "Evaporation" Transpiration: the movement of water from root systems, through a plant, and exit into the air as water vapor. This exit occurs through stomata in the plant. Rate of transpiration can be influenced by factors including plant type, soil type, weather conditions and water content, and also cultivation practices. [6]: Ch. 1 ...

  5. Pan evaporation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_evaporation

    Class A evaporation pan. Pan evaporation is a measurement that combines or integrates the effects of several climate elements: temperature, humidity, rain fall, drought dispersion, solar radiation, and wind. Evaporation is greatest on hot, windy, dry, sunny days; and is greatly reduced when clouds block the sun and when air is cool, calm, and ...

  6. Penman equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penman_equation

    The Penman equation describes evaporation (E) from an open water surface, and was developed by Howard Penman in 1948. Penman's equation requires daily mean temperature, wind speed, air pressure, and solar radiation to predict E. Simpler Hydrometeorological equations continue to be used where obtaining such data is impractical, to give comparable results within specific contexts, e.g. humid vs ...

  7. Salt evaporation pond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_evaporation_pond

    Evaporation systems are also often evaluated by the water evaporation rate per unit area. When the energy is largely provided by sunlight, these are often evaluated with a solar efficiency, ( η s o l {\displaystyle \eta _{\rm {sol}}} ), which is a thermal efficiency that compares incoming light energy to the enthalpy of vaporization.

  8. Hertz–Knudsen equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hertz–Knudsen_equation

    The Hertz–Knudsen equation describes the non-dissociative adsorption of a gas molecule on a surface by expressing the variation of the number of molecules impacting on the surfaces per unit of time as a function of the pressure of the gas and other parameters which characterise both the gas phase molecule and the surface: [1] [2]

  9. Penman–Monteith equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penman–Monteith_equation

    However, observations revealed that actual evaporation was 1.26 times greater than reference evaporation. Therefore, the equation for actual evaporation was found by taking reference evapotranspiration and multiplying it by . [8]