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Pirate code dictated that absolutely no women were permitted aboard ships, and violating this code was generally punishable by death. However, female pirates, such as Anne Bonny and Mary Read, refute the myth that only male pirates ever existed. These women also wore male clothing not to conceal their gender, but to allow for more freedom of ...
Mare Liberum (or The Freedom of the Seas) is a book in Latin on international law written by the Dutch jurist and philosopher Hugo Grotius, first published in 1609.In The Free Sea, Grotius formulated the new principle that the sea was international territory and all nations were free to use it for seafaring trade.
Between the end of the 15th century up until the 17th century various powers claimed sovereignty over parts of the sea. In 1609, Dutch jurist and philosopher Hugo Grotius wrote what is considered the foundation of international legal doctrine regarding the seas and oceans – Mare Liberum, a Latin title that translates to "freedom of the seas". [2]
Until about 1440, maritime trade in both the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Bothnia was seriously in danger of attack by the pirates. H. Thomas Milhorn mentions a certain Englishman named William Maurice, convicted of piracy in 1241, as the first person known to have been hanged, drawn and quartered , [ 23 ] which would indicate that ...
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The early 17th century saw a more coherent legal view of piracy begin to take shape, with the work Mare Liberum (Free Sea) by Dutch jurist and polymath Hugo Grotius attempting to draw a legal distinction between "privateers" with letters of marque from "pirates." Grotius also attempted to brand Spain and Portugal's dominance of the sea as a ...
Zheng Yi Sao (born Shi Yang; c. 1775–1844), also known as Shi Xianggu, Shek Yeung and Ching Shih, was a Chinese pirate leader active in the South China Sea from 1801 [1] to 1810.
Maritime security is facilitated at sea and in ports by several international regulations and codes from the International Maritime Organization. [18] The primary Code is the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code which entered into force in 2004. [19]