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Ranula is a mucocele under the tongue. Ranulas may be larger than mucoceles at other sites; they are usually associated with the sublingual gland, and less often they arise from the submandibular gland or a minor salivary gland. [11] Rarely, a ranula may descend into the neck rather than the mouth (plunging ranula).
Sialadenitis (sialoadenitis) is inflammation of salivary glands, usually the major ones, the most common being the parotid gland, followed by submandibular and sublingual glands. [1] It should not be confused with sialadenosis (sialosis) which is a non-inflammatory enlargement of the major salivary glands.
Ranula in a female. A ranula usually presents as a translucent, blue, dome-shaped, fluctuant swelling in the tissues of the floor of the mouth. If the lesion is deeper, then there is a greater thickness of tissue separating from the oral cavity and the blue translucent appearance may not be a feature.
Salivary glands, such as the submandibular gland or parotid gland, can become blocked by salivary stones. Dr. Lee says this can block the natural flow of saliva, causing facial swelling and pressure.
About 85% of stones occur in the submandibular gland, [3] and 5–10% occur in the parotid gland. [2] In about 0–5% of cases, the sublingual gland or a minor salivary gland is affected. [2] When minor glands are rarely involved, caliculi are more likely in the minor glands of the buccal mucosa and the maxillary labial mucosa. [4]
The most common causes of enlargement of the submandibular lymph nodes are infections of the head, neck, ears, eyes, nasal sinuses, pharynx, and scalp. [1] The lymph glands may be affected by metastatic spread of cancers of the oral cavity, anterior portion of the nasal cavity, soft tissues of the mid-face, and submandibular salivary gland. [1]
Ludwig's angina (Latin: Angina ludovici) is a type of severe cellulitis involving the floor of the mouth [2] and is often caused by bacterial sources. [1] Early in the infection, the floor of the mouth raises due to swelling, leading to difficulty swallowing saliva.
The sublingual gland (glandula sublingualis) is a seromucous polystomatic exocrine gland. Located underneath the oral diaphragm ( diaphragma oris ), the sublingual gland is the smallest and most diffuse of the three major salivary glands of the oral cavity, with the other two being the submandibular and parotid .