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The wooden ox (木牛流馬; lit. wooden ox and flowing horse) was a single-wheeled cart with two handles (i.e., a wheelbarrow) whose invention within China is sometimes credited to Zhuge Liang while he served Shu Han around the year 230 CE. The wooden ox purportedly allowed a single man to transport enough food to supply four others for up to ...
The earliest wheelbarrows with archaeological evidence in the form of a one-wheel cart come from second-century Han dynasty Emperor Hui's tomb murals and brick tomb reliefs. [1] The painted tomb mural of a man pushing a wheelbarrow was found in a tomb at Chengdu, Sichuan province, dated precisely to 118 AD. [2]
During the Han dynasty, the typical 0.5 m (1.6 ft) bronze sword of the Warring States period was gradually replaced with an iron sword measuring roughly 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. [26] The ancient dagger-axe ( ge ) made of bronze was still used by Han soldiers, although it was gradually phased out by iron spears and iron ji halberds . [ 27 ]
By the early Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD), military use of the bronze ge had become limited (mostly ceremonial); they were slowly phased out during the Han dynasty by iron spears and iron ji halberds. [21] Deepwater drilling: Some of the earliest evidence of water wells are located in China. The Chinese discovered and made extensive use of ...
The Chinese astronomer Geng Shouchang of the Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) invented it separately in China in 52 BC, and the Han dynasty polymath Zhang Heng (78–139 AD) was the first to apply motive power using a set of complex gears rotated by a waterwheel which was powered by the constant pressure head of an inflow clepsydra clock, the ...
The Han dynasty ruled in an era of Chinese cultural consolidation, political experimentation, relative economic prosperity and maturity, and great technological advances. There was unprecedented territorial expansion and exploration initiated by struggles with non-Chinese peoples, especially the nomadic Xiongnu of the Eurasian Steppe.
A lodestone compass was used in China during the Han dynasty between the 2nd century BC and 1st century AD, where it was called the "south-governor" (sīnán 司南). [14] The earliest reference to a magnetic device used for navigation is in a Song dynasty book dated to 1040–1044, where there is a description of an iron "south-pointing fish ...
Ding Huan (Chinese: 丁緩) was a Chinese craftsman, mechanical engineer, and inventor who lived in the first century CE during the Han dynasty. Among the inventions attributed to him is an air conditioning system based on evaporative cooling. [1]