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A resection margin or surgical margin is the margin of apparently non-tumorous tissue around a tumor that has been surgically removed, called "resected", in surgical oncology. The resection is an attempt to remove a cancer tumor so that no portion of the malignant growth extends past the edges or margin of the removed tumor and surrounding tissue.
When cancer is suspected, a variety of biopsy techniques can be applied. An excisional biopsy is an attempt to remove an entire lesion. When the specimen is evaluated, in addition to diagnosis, the amount of uninvolved tissue around the lesion, the surgical margin of the specimen is examined to see if the disease has spread beyond the area ...
Excisional biopsy involves surgically removing the suspicious area of the breast to examine it under the microscope for diagnosis. One method is wire-guided (or wire-localized) excisional biopsy, where a wire is inserted into the breast and repeatedly imaged using breast ultrasound or mammography until the technician sees that the tip is ...
As the CCPDMA surgery is frequently performed using frozen section pathology, immediate reporting of positive surgical margin is made, and the tumor can be completely removed in the same day. Traditional pathology processing is called "bread loafing", and only allows for the partial examination of the surgical margin.
Surgical pathology is the most significant and time-consuming area of practice for most anatomical pathologists. Surgical pathology involves gross and microscopic examination of surgical specimens, as well as biopsies submitted by surgeons and non- surgeons such as general internists , medical subspecialists, dermatologists , and interventional ...
A wide local excision of the breast aims to remove benign and malignant lesions while conserving the normal shape of the breast as much as possible. It is a form of breast-conserving surgery. A WLE can only be used for lesions up to 4 cm in diameter, as removal of any larger lesions could leave a visibly dented area in the breast.
A re-excision lumpectomy is performed if the margin is detected to be positive or cancerous cells are very close to the margin. [9] Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) may be used to determine if the cancer has progressed away from the breast and into other parts of the body. [10]
A core needle biopsy is the primary tool used to provide a definitive diagnosis for phyllodes tumors. [11] Other biopsy techniques include fine-needle aspiration and excisional biopsy. Following biopsy, histological and gross examination is performed which helps clinicians better grade and classify the phyllodes tumor. [11]
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