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Propofol [7] is the active component of an intravenous anesthetic formulation used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It is chemically termed 2,6-diisopropylphenol. It is chemically termed 2,6-diisopropylphenol.
Propofol, etomidate and ketamine are common intravenous sedative-hypnotic agents for the induction of TIVA. [19] Their highly lipophilic nature allows the rapid onset of anesthesia upon intravenous injection. [17] It also enables penetration through the blood–brain barrier and effective perfusion to the brain.
Ciprofol (also known as cipepofol, or HSK3486) is a novel 2,6-disubstituted phenol derivative that is used for the intravenous induction of general anesthesia. [1] [2] A short-acting and highly selective γ-aminobutyric acid agonist, [3] ciprofol is 4–6 times more potent than other phenol derivatives such as propofol or fospropofol.
Commonly used intravenous induction agents include propofol, sodium thiopental, etomidate, methohexital, and ketamine. Inhalational anaesthesia may be chosen when intravenous access is difficult to obtain (e.g., children), when difficulty maintaining the airway is anticipated, or when the patient prefers it.
The MAC is the percentage dose of anesthetic that will prevent a response to painful stimulus in 50% of subjects. The higher the MAC, generally, the less potent the anesthetic. Syringes prepared with medications that are expected to be used during an operation under general anesthesia maintained by sevoflurane gas: – Propofol, a hypnotic
Propofol [6] is a non-barbiturate derivative that is thought to act by stimulating inhibitory GABA receptors and blocking excitatory NMDA receptors. It takes 40 seconds for the effects of propofol to kick in, and effects last six minutes. [3] Propofol has both sedative and amnestic effects, but provides no analgesia.
One’s biological age, which measures the body’s physiological state, may help predict who is at risk for developing colon polyps, a known risk factor for colorectal cancer.
Propofol infusion syndrome (PRIS) is a rare syndrome which affects patients undergoing long-term treatment with high doses of the anaesthetic and sedative drug propofol. It can lead to cardiac failure , rhabdomyolysis , metabolic acidosis , and kidney failure , and is often fatal.