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The rate of death from hypothermia is strongly related to age in the United States. Hypothermia usually occurs from exposure to low temperatures, and is frequently complicated by alcohol consumption. Any condition that decreases heat production, increases heat loss, or impairs thermoregulation, however, may contribute. [1]
At a brain temperature of 14 °C, blood circulation can be safely stopped for 30 to 40 minutes. [3] There is an increased incidence of brain injury at times longer than 40 minutes, but sometimes circulatory arrest for up to 60 minutes is used if life-saving surgery requires it. [4] [5] Infants tolerate longer periods of DHCA than adults. [6]
Targeted temperature management (TTM), previously known as therapeutic hypothermia or protective hypothermia, is an active treatment that tries to achieve and maintain a specific body temperature in a person for a specific duration of time in an effort to improve health outcomes during recovery after a period of stopped blood flow to the brain. [1]
Simplified control circuit of human thermoregulation. [8]The core temperature of a human is regulated and stabilized primarily by the hypothalamus, a region of the brain linking the endocrine system to the nervous system, [9] and more specifically by the anterior hypothalamic nucleus and the adjacent preoptic area regions of the hypothalamus.
A plot illustrating the dependence on temperature of the rates of chemical reactions and various biological processes, for several different Q 10 temperature coefficients. . The rate ratio at a temperature increase of 10 degrees (marked by points) is equal to the Q 10 coefficie
The cold water can cause heart attack due to severe vasoconstriction, [2] where the heart has to work harder to pump the same volume of blood throughout the arteries. For people with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, the additional workload can result in myocardial infarction and/or acute heart failure, which ultimately may lead to a cardiac ...
Liebermeister's rule concerns the increment ratio between an adult individual's cardiac frequency and temperature when in fever. Each Celsius grade of body temperature increment corresponds to an 8 beats per minute increase in cardiac frequency, although the exact number of this rule varies significantly across different sources.
Hypothermia does not easily occur in a diver with reasonable passive thermal insulation over a moderate exposure period, even in very cold water. [ 1 ] Body heat is lost by respiratory heat loss, by heating and humidifying ( latent heat ) inspired gas, and by body surface heat loss, by radiation, conduction, and convection, to the atmosphere ...