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Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac surrounding the heart. [8] Symptoms typically include sudden onset of sharp chest pain, which may also be felt in the shoulders, neck, or back. [1] The pain is typically less severe when sitting up and more severe when lying down or breathing deeply. [1]
The onset of purulent pericarditis is usually acute, with most individuals presenting to a medical facility approximately 3 days following the onset of symptoms. [4] As a subtype of pericarditis, purulent pericarditis often presents with substernal chest pain that is exacerbated by deep breathing and lying in the supine position. [5]
An ECG showing pericarditis. Note the ST elevation in multiple leads with slight reciprocal ST depression in aVR. Acute pericarditis is a type of pericarditis (inflammation of the sac surrounding the heart, the pericardium) usually lasting less than 4 to 6 weeks. [1] It is the most common condition affecting the pericardium.
Constrictive pericarditis is defined by a fibrotic (thickened) pericardium. Constrictive pericarditis is a condition characterized by a thickened, fibrotic pericardium, limiting the heart's ability to function normally. [1] In many cases, the condition continues to be difficult to diagnose and therefore benefits from a good understanding of the ...
Pericarditis can be acute, meaning it happens suddenly or chronic — it can develop over time and may take longer to treat. Both types can disrupt the heart’s normal function, said the American ...
Myopericarditis. Myopericarditis is a combination of both myocarditis and pericarditis appearing in a single individual, namely inflammation of both the pericardium and the heart muscle. It can involve the presence of fluid in the heart. [1]
The "swinging" heart. A pericardial effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity. The pericardium is a two-part membrane surrounding the heart: the outer fibrous connective membrane and an inner two-layered serous membrane. The two layers of the serous membrane enclose the pericardial cavity (the potential space ...
Pathology. Uremic pericarditis is associated with azotemia, and occurs in about 6-10% of kidney failure patients. BUN is normally >60 mg/dL (normal is 7–20 mg/dL). However, the degree of pericarditis does not correlate with the degree of serum BUN or creatinine elevation. The pathogenesis is poorly understood. [2]