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Doxycycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic of the tetracycline class used in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria and certain parasites. [1] It is used to treat bacterial pneumonia , acne , chlamydia infections , Lyme disease , cholera , typhus , and syphilis . [ 1 ]
Tetracycline use should be avoided in pregnant or lactating women, and in children with developing teeth because they may result in permanent staining (dark yellow-gray teeth with a darker horizontal band that goes across the top and bottom rows of teeth), and possibly affect the growth of teeth and bones.
Vestibular side effects are much more common in women than in men, occurring in 50 to 70% of women receiving minocycline. As a result of the frequency of this bothersome side effect, minocycline is rarely used in female patients. [43] Minocycline's vestibular side effects typically resolve after discontinuation of the drug. [44] [45] [46] [47]
Its use as a prophylactic treatment is supported by one clinical trial involving children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. [59] Other than this and one other clinical trial into its efficacy as a treatment for pneumocystis pneumonia, [ 60 ] data on its use in both the treatment and prevention of pneumocystis pneumonia is significantly lacking.
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Metronidazole has also been used in women to prevent preterm birth associated with bacterial vaginosis, amongst other risk factors including the presence of cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin (fFN). Metronidazole was ineffective in preventing preterm delivery in high-risk pregnant women (selected by history and a positive fFN test) and ...
Since August 2012, the third-generation cephalosporin, ceftriaxone, is the only recommended treatment for gonorrhea in the United States (in addition to azithromycin or doxycycline for concurrent Chlamydia treatment). Cefixime is no longer recommended as a first-line treatment due to evidence of decreasing susceptibility. [30] Ceftriaxone
Tigecycline, sold under the brand name Tygacil, is a tetracycline antibiotic medication for a number of bacterial infections. [3] [6] [7] It is a glycylcycline class drug that is administered intravenously.