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In the 1980s, severe austerity measures were imposed in the Socialist Republic of Romania by President Nicolae Ceaușescu in order to pay off the external debt incurred by the state in the 1970s. Beginning in 1981, the austerity led to economic stagnation that continued all throughout the 1980s, a " sui generis shock therapy " which lowered the ...
The effect of the cuts in imports in Romania, a net importer of food from the West, was however not correctly estimated by the foreign analysts and it led to food shortages. [5] Romania's record - having all of its debts to commercial banks paid off in full - has not been matched by any other heavily-indebted country in the world. [6]
Romania borrowed in 1981 from the IMF a sum of $400 million out of the $1.5 billion line of credit, [9] but in November 1981, the IMF had cut off further financing because Romania failed to meet economic performance targets. [10] In January 1982, Romania and the banks reached an agreement of deferment.
The economy of the Socialist Republic of Romania was centrally planned, similar to the one of the Soviet Union. Most of the means of production (including all large and medium enterprises) were owned by the state , which established production plans as part of the Five-Year Plans .
Following the Sino-Soviet split, Romania also maintained relations with China and North Korea as well as the Chinese-backed Khmer Rouge-ruled Democratic Kampuchea. Romania joined the United Nations on 14 December 1955 (see United Nations Security Council Resolution 109) as well as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in 1972.
1978 establishments in Romania (7 P) S. 1978 in Romanian sport (4 C) This page was last edited on 14 June 2023, at 22:50 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative ...
In 1981, Ceaușescu began an austerity programme designed to enable Romania to liquidate its entire national debt (US$10,000,000,000). To achieve this, many basic goods—including gas, heating and food—were rationed, which reduced the standard of living and increased malnutrition.
Exceptions were at the beginning of the 1980s austerity policy in Romania, when prices were risen in order to reduce consumption and allow the government to pay back the foreign debt. Following the onset of liberal economic reforms in November 1990, as prices and exchange rates were gradually liberalized, inflation began to rise. [3]