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Potassium cyanide is a compound with the formula KCN. It is a colorless salt, similar in appearance to sugar , that is highly soluble in water. Most KCN is used in gold mining , organic synthesis , and electroplating .
John Stewart MacArthur developed the cyanide process for gold extraction in 1887. The expansion of gold mining in the Rand of South Africa began to slow down in the 1880s, as the new deposits found tended to contain pyritic ore. The gold could not be extracted from this compound with any of the then available chemical processes or technologies. [5]
Gold(I) cyanide's is a coordination polymer consisting of linear chains of AuCN such that each Au(I) center is bonded to carbon and nitrogen. The structure is hexagonal with the lattice parameters a = 3.40 Å and c = 5.09 Å. [ 2 ]
Cyanide leaching "heap" at a gold mining operation near Elko, Nevada. On top of the large mounds of ore, are sprinklers dispensing a solution of cyanide. Gold extraction is the extraction of gold from dilute ores using a combination of chemical processes. Gold mining produces about 3600 tons annually, [1] and another 300 tons is produced from ...
Potassium dicyanoaurate (or potassium gold cyanide) is an inorganic compound with formula K[Au 2]. It is a colorless to white solid that is soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. The salt itself is often not isolated, but solutions of the dicyanoaurate ion ([Au(CN) 2] −) are generated on a large scale in the extraction of gold from ...
Cyanide is quantified by potentiometric titration, a method widely used in gold mining. It can also be determined by titration with silver ion. It can also be determined by titration with silver ion. Some analyses begin with an air-purge of an acidified boiling solution, sweeping the vapors into a basic absorber solution.
Gold pentafluoride, along with its derivative anion, AuF − 6, and its difluorine complex, gold heptafluoride, is the sole example of gold(V), the highest verified oxidation state. [ 19 ] Some gold compounds exhibit aurophilic bonding , which describes the tendency of gold ions to interact at distances that are too long to be a conventional Au ...
A 1997 review (Suarez-Almazor ME, et al) [6] reports that treatment with intramuscular gold (parenteral gold) reduces disease activity and joint inflammation. Gold-containing drugs taken by mouth are less effective than by injection. Three to six months are often required before gold treatment noticeably improves symptoms.