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Trisodium phosphate (TSP) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Na 3 P O 4. It is a white, granular or crystalline solid, highly soluble in water, producing an alkaline solution. TSP is used as a cleaning agent , builder , lubricant , food additive , stain remover , and degreaser .
1948 advertisement for the product. On June 15, 1926, Whistle Bottling Company of Johnsonburg, Pennsylvania, registered "Spic and Span" trademark No. 214,076 — washing and cleaning compound in crystal form with incidental water-softening properties.
disodium phosphate dihydrate: Na 2 HPO 4 ·2H 2 O: 10028-24-7 disodium phosphate heptahydrate: Na 2 HPO 4 ·7H 2 O: 7782–85–6 disodium phosphate octahydrate: Na 2 HPO 4 ·8H 2 O: disodium phosphate dodecahydrate: Na 2 HPO 4 ·12H 2 O: 10039–32–4 trisodium phosphate (anhydrous, hexagonal) Na 3 PO 4: trisodium phosphate (anhydrous, cubic ...
Sodium tripolyphosphate is produced by heating a stoichiometric mixture of disodium phosphate, Na 2 HPO 4, and monosodium phosphate, NaH 2 PO 4, under carefully controlled conditions. [2] 2 Na 2 HPO 4 + NaH 2 PO 4 → Na 5 P 3 O 10 + 2 H 2 O. In this way, approximately 2 million tons are produced annually. [3]
Trisodium trimetaphosphate is produced industrially by heating sodium dihydrogen phosphate to 550 °C, a method first developed in 1955: [5] 3 NaH 2 PO 4 → Na 3 P 3 O 9 + 3 H 2 O. The trimetaphosphate dissolves in water and is precipitated by the addition of sodium chloride (common ion effect), affording the hexahydrate. [6]
The exact phosphate content of the phosphate rock mined in 2015 is not available, but in the latest five-year period for which ore grades are available, 2009-2013, the grade of US phosphate rock varied from 28.5 to 29.0 percent P 2 O 5. As of 2016, remaining reserves of phosphate rock in the United States totaled 1.1 billion metric tons. [1]