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In persuasive communication, the order of the information's presentation influences opinion formation. The law of primacy in persuasion, otherwise known as a primacy effect, as postulated by Frederick Hansen Lund in 1925 holds that the side of an issue presented first will have greater effectiveness in persuasion than the side presented subsequently. [1]
It commonly appears in employee evaluations, as a distortion in favor of recently completed activities or recollections, and can be reinforced or offset by the halo effect. [3] In psychology, primacy bias (excessive focus on earliest events or facts) and recency bias (excessive focus on the most recent events or facts) are often considered ...
Law of primacy may refer to: In advertising, the law of primacy in persuasion first described by Frederick Hansen Lund in 1925. In educational psychology, primacy as one of the principles of learning .
See also recency effect, primacy effect and suffix effect. Spacing effect: That information is better recalled if exposure to it is repeated over a long span of time rather than a short one. Spotlight effect: The tendency to overestimate the amount that other people notice one's appearance or behavior. Stereotype bias or stereotypical bias
In general, primacy can have three main effects: initial trait-information can be integrated into an individual's global impression of a person in a process of assimilation effects, it can lead to a durable impression against which other information is compared in a process of anchoring, and it can cause people to actively change their ...
An exception to the gradual dissociation of the effects of a persuasive message were reported in studies conducted by Hovland, Lumsdaine, and Shieffield. Results showed that opinion change increased gradually over time, despite forgetting the source of the information. They coined this phenomenon the sleeper effect. [3]
The mere-exposure effect is a psychological phenomenon by which people tend to develop a liking or disliking for things merely because they are familiar with them. In social psychology , this effect is sometimes called the familiarity principle .
This irrational primacy effect is independent of the primacy effect in memory in which the earlier items in a series leave a stronger memory trace. [150] Biased interpretation offers an explanation for this effect: seeing the initial evidence, people form a working hypothesis that affects how they interpret the rest of the information. [3]: 187