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Sargam (from SA-RE-GA-MA), a technique for the teaching of sight-singing, is the Hindustani or North Indian equivalent to the western solfege. Sargam is practiced against a drone and the emphasis is not on the scale but on the intervals, thus it may be considered just intonation. The same notes are also used in South Indian Carnatic music.
Sargam refers to singing the notes, mostly commonly used in Indian music, instead of the words of a composition, with use of various ornamentations such as meend, gamak, kan and khatka, as part of a khyal performance. This is generally done in medium-tempo as a bridge between the alap and taan portions.
Swara (Sanskrit: स्वर) or svara [1] is an Indian classical music term that connotes simultaneously a breath, a vowel, a note, the sound of a musical note corresponding to its name, and the successive steps of the octave, or saptanka. More comprehensively, it is the ancient Indian concept of the complete dimension of musical pitch.
Ludwig van Beethoven: . Serenade for flute, violin and viola in D major, Op. 25; Trio for piano, flute, and bassoon in G major, WoO 37; Pierre Boulez: …explosante-fixe…, various configurations with flute and other instruments (1971–72, 1973–74, 1985, 1991–93)
In Indian classical music, musical notes are called swaras.The seven basic swaras of the scale are named shadja, rishabh, gandhar, madhyam, pancham, dhaivat and nishad, and are abbreviated to Sa, Ri (Carnatic) or Re (Hindustani), Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, and Ni and written S, R, G, M, P, D, N. Collectively these notes are known as the sargam (the word is an acronym of the consonants of the first four ...
Since the scale has 5 notes ascending and all 7 descending, the resulting jāti is Audav–Sampūrṇa. [1] It is performed in the early afternoon, from 12:00 P.M. to 3:00 P.M. (the third prahar of the day). [4] Use of dhaivat(dha) and rishabh(ray) is symmetrical in that both are approached via the succeeding notes (D from Ṉ, and R from G̱).