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  2. SQL syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL_syntax

    This is an important element of SQL. Statements, which may have a persistent effect on schemata and data, or may control transactions, program flow, connections, sessions, or diagnostics. SQL statements also include the semicolon (";") statement terminator. Though not required on every platform, it is defined as a standard part of the SQL grammar.

  3. Ternary conditional operator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_conditional_operator

    The detailed semantics of "the" ternary operator as well as its syntax differs significantly from language to language. A top level distinction from one language to another is whether the expressions permit side effects (as in most procedural languages) and whether the language provides short-circuit evaluation semantics, whereby only the selected expression is evaluated (most standard ...

  4. If and only if - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/If_and_only_if

    Wherever logic is applied, especially in mathematical discussions, it has the same meaning as above: it is an abbreviation for if and only if, indicating that one statement is both necessary and sufficient for the other. This is an example of mathematical jargon (although, as noted above, if is more often used than iff in statements of definition).

  5. Conditional (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_(computer...

    If-then-else flow diagram A nested if–then–else flow diagram. In computer science, conditionals (that is, conditional statements, conditional expressions and conditional constructs) are programming language constructs that perform different computations or actions or return different values depending on the value of a Boolean expression, called a condition.

  6. Correlated subquery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlated_subquery

    In a SQL database query, a correlated subquery (also known as a synchronized subquery) is a subquery (a query nested inside another query) that uses values from the outer query. This can have major impact on performance because the correlated subquery might get recomputed every time for each row of the outer query is processed.

  7. SQR - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQR

    SQR has commands that manipulate multiple items within a single array. SQR has four control structures. The first three are if-else-end, while-end, and evaluate. The fourth is the embedded SQL “select” statement, which allows SQR statements to be executed for each row of data in a loop.

  8. Data definition language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_definition_language

    In the context of SQL, data definition or data description language (DDL) is a syntax for creating and modifying database objects such as tables, indices, and users. DDL statements are similar to a computer programming language for defining data structures, especially database schemas. Common examples of DDL statements include CREATE, ALTER ...

  9. Data manipulation language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_manipulation_language

    In SQL, the data manipulation language comprises the SQL-data change statements, [3] which modify stored data but not the schema or database objects. Manipulation of persistent database objects, e.g., tables or stored procedures, via the SQL schema statements, [3] rather than the data stored within them, is considered to be part of a separate data definition language (DDL).