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The Lowell mill girls were young female workers who came to work in textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts during the Industrial Revolution in the United States. The workers initially recruited by the corporations were daughters of New England farmers, typically between the ages of 15 and 35. [ 1 ]
Unlike many other mill towns, however, Lowell's manufacturing facilities were built based on a planned community design. Specifically Lowell was planned as reaction to the mill communities in Great Britain, which were perceived as cramped and inhumane. Some called it the "Lowell Experiment", which was an attempt at creating a manufacturing ...
Although most of the original Lowell mill girls were laid off and replaced by immigrants by 1850, the grown, single women who had been used to earning their own money ended up using their education to become librarians, teachers, and social workers. In this manner, the system was seen as producing "benefits for the workers and the larger society".
Resistance was led by the young women known as mill girls. With the mid-nineteenth-century growth in immigration and social changes post-Civil War, mill owners began to recruit immigrants, who often arrived with skills and were willing to work for lower wages. By mid-century, the Waltham-Lowell system proved unprofitable and collapsed.
Today, the Boott Mills complex is the most complete remainder of antebellum textile mills built in Lowell. The original Mill No. 6 is managed by the National Park Service unit Lowell National Historical Park and houses the Boott Cotton Mills Museum [3] and the Tsongas Industrial History Center for K-12 educational programs. [4]
By the late 19th century, women were doing 75% of the work of making cloth in Lowell, Massachusetts, Scientific American reported in 1879. Many came from rural areas of New England, swapping farm ...
Middlesex Horticultural Society [9] and Lowell Medical Association [16] founded. 1840 Hospital Association [6] and Lowell Museum established. Lowell Offering begins publication. [7] By now, Lowell mills had recruited over 8,000 Lowell mill girls. Population: 20,796. [11] 1841 Lowell Cemetery established. Vox Populi newspaper begins publication. [4]
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