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Propaganda poster exhorting Northern Vietnamese to move South during Operation Passage to Freedom. Operation Passage to Freedom was an initiative by the U.S. Navy and French military to transport Vietnamese civilians who wished to relocate to the Southern half of Vietnam from the North, mostly by ship or aircraft, as provided under the 1954 Geneva Accords, which created a 300-day period where ...
The United States was concerned and worried that a French military defeat in Vietnam would result in the spread of communism to all the countries of Southeast Asia—the domino theory—and was looking for means of aiding the French without committing American troops to the war. A map of North and South Vietnam after the Geneva Accords of 1954.
The 1954 to 1959 phase of the Vietnam War was the era of the two nations. Coming after the First Indochina War, this period resulted in the military defeat of the French, a 1954 Geneva meeting that partitioned Vietnam into North and South, and the French withdrawal from Vietnam (see First Indochina War), leaving the Republic of Vietnam regime fighting a communist insurgency with USA aid.
Operation Passage to Freedom was a term used by the United States Navy to describe the propaganda effort [2] [3] and the assistance in transporting in 310,000 Vietnamese civilians, soldiers and non-Vietnamese members of the French Army from communist North Vietnam (the Democratic Republic of Vietnam) to non-communist South Vietnam (the State of ...
The Vietnamese National Army was unofficially created on January 1, 1949, as the armed forces of the pro-French Provisional Central Government of Vietnam.It initially had roughly 25 000 troops, including about 10 000 irregulars. 1000 French officers were given the task of training and supervising the new army. [2]
On Bastille Day, 14 July, the task force took to the road, and two days later at dusk, the various units had reached Ea H'leo. [6] The French having learned some of the lessons from Mang Yang Pass had prepared themselves in case of another ambush - the artillery were pushed up to support the front units, while infantry units and vehicles established temporary defensive positions.